After Babylon Was Destroyed When Did It Rise Up Again
The Destruction and Reconstruction of the Temple by Tamara Cohn Eskenazi
The Jerusalem temple said to have been built by Solomon was destroyed in 587/586 B.C.Due east., when the Babylonians captured the city, torched it, and exiled the Judean leadership to Babylon. 2d Kings describes the concluding days:
"In the fifth month ... Nebuzaradan, the helm of the bodyguard, a servant of the male monarch of Babylon, came to Jerusalem. He burned the business firm of the Lord, the king's house, and all the houses of Jerusalem; every great business firm he burned downward." (2Kgs 25:8-9)
This consequence marked a turning point in Israelite history because it spelled the end of an autonomous or even semiautonomous Judean state. It initiated a menses, usually called the exilic menses, that came to an end in the biblical record when King Cyrus of Persia conquered the Babylonian empire in 539 B.C.East., subsumed that empire under his ain dominion, and permitted Judeans to return to the state and rebuild the temple (see Ezra one).
The prophetic books of Haggai and Zechariah portray these prophets as urging the leaders and the people to rebuild the temple. Ezra ane-6 depicts their successful efforts to do so, despite opposition from some "peoples of the land" whose identity is not always clear. Most scholars date the bodily completion of the restored temple to 516/515 B.C.E.
Ezra 3 depicts the beginning of the restoration, with the building of the altar and setting the temple foundations. Co-ordinate to Ezra four, notwithstanding, enemies interfered by reporting to the Persian king that the builders were a rebellious people. Afterwards these and other delays, the temple was completed in 516/515 B.C.E, during the time of the Persian male monarch Darius (525-486 B.C.E.).
The Hebrew Bible does not describe the rebuilt temple, although Ezra 6:3 says that "its superlative shall be sixty cubits and its width sixty cubits." The accent falls on its placement, that is, that it should exist installed precisely at the place of the outset temple. Ezra 3 contrasts this new edifice with its predecessor: "many of the priests and Levites and heads of families, former people who had seen the starting time house on its foundations, wept with a loud vocalisation when they saw this house, though many shouted aloud for joy" (Ezra 3:12; meet also Hag 2:3, which notes that the restored temple is less k than the old one).
Whether or non it compared favorably to the first temple, the restored temple marked a new epoch; information technology signified the renewal of Jewish life after the devastation of exile. Moreover, it signaled a new function for the people themselves. Whereas the commencement temple was credited to Solomon and was congenital with forced labor, the second temple was the work of the people themselves. Although it came into being under Western farsi royal auspices (encounter Ezra 1:one-4), the actual builders were the Judeans (Ezra 1:five-vi:14), who also unilaterally vowed to maintain it (Neh 10:32-39). In the absence of a monarchy, the second temple came to occupy a greater place in Judean life than did Solomon'south temple.
Contributors
Tamara Cohn Eskenazi is professor of Bible at Hebrew Union Higher-Jewish Institute of Faith in Los Angeles. Dr. Eskenazi is editor-in-chief of The Torah: A Women's Commentary, winner of the 2008 Jewish Book of the Yr Award, and co-author (with T. Frymer-Kensky) of the JPS Bible Commentary: Ruth, winner of the Jewish Book Council Award in Women's Studies in 2012. She is completing the Ballast Bible commentary on Ezra-Nehemiah.
Of or relating to ancient lower Mesopotamia and its empire centered in Babylon.
Residents of the aboriginal Mesopotamian city of Babylon, also used to refer to the population of the larger geographical designation of lower Mesopotamia.
The king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire at its peak, from 550-486 B.C.E. His prescript to continue the rebuilding of the Temple appears in Ezra six.
A broad, diverse group of nations ruled by the authorities of a unmarried nation.
general condition of living away from ones homeland or specifically the Babylonian captivity
A West Semitic language, in which most of the Hebrew Bible is written except for parts of Daniel and Ezra. Hebrew is regarded as the spoken linguistic communication of ancient Israel but is largely replaced by Aramaic in the Western farsi period.
Relating to or associated with people living in the territory of the northern kingdom of Israel during the divided monarchy, or more than broadly describing the biblical descendants of Jacob.
Relating to or associated with people living in the territory of the southern kingdom of Judah during the divided monarchy, or what later became the larger province of Judah nether imperial control. According to the Bible, the area originally received its name as the tribal territory allotted to Judah, the quaternary son of Jacob.
The people of the tribe of Judah or the southern kingdom of Judah/Judea.
A system of rule with a monarch as its caput; or the hereditary system passed from one monarch to another.
Those biblical books written by or attributed to prophets such equally Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel.
The structure congenital in Jerusalem in 516 B.C.Due east. on the site of the Temple of Solomon, destroyed by the Babylonians seventy years prior. The Second Temple was destroyed in seventy C.E. past the Romans responding to Jewish rebellion.
2Kgs 25:8-9
8In the fifth calendar month, on the seventh day of the month—which was the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar, rex of Babylon—Nebuzaradan, the captain of the bodyg ... View more
Ezra 1
End of the Babylonian Captivity
1In the first year of King Cyrus of Persia, in society that the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah might exist accomplished, t ... View more
Ezra 1-6
End of the Babylonian Captivity
1In the first year of King Cyrus of Persia, in order that the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, t ... View more
Ezra three
Worship Restored at Jerusalem
1When the seventh month came, and the Israelites were in the towns, the people gathered together in Jerusalem.2Then Jeshua son of ... View more
Ezra 4
Resistance to Rebuilding the Temple
1When the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin heard that the returned exiles were building a temple to the Lord, the God of Is ... View more than
Ezra 6:3
3In the first year of his reign, Male monarch Cyrus issued a decree: Concerning the house of God at Jerusalem, allow the house be rebuilt, the identify where sacrifices are ... View more than
Ezra three:12
12But many of the priests and Levites and heads of families, erstwhile people who had seen the outset house on its foundations, wept with a loud vocalization when they saw th ... View more
Hag 2:3
3Who is left amongst you that saw this house in its former glory? How does it look to you now? Is it not in your sight as nothing?
Ezra i:one-iv
Terminate of the Babylonian Captivity
1In the outset yr of Male monarch Cyrus of Persia, in order that the word of the Lord by the mouth of Jeremiah might be accomplished, t ... View more
Ezra i:5-half-dozen:14
5The heads of the families of Judah and Benjamin, and the priests and the Levites—everyone whose spirit God had stirred—got prepare to become upwardly and rebuild the firm ... View more
Neh 10:32-39
32We also lay on ourselves the obligation to accuse ourselves yearly i-third of a shekel for the service of the house of our God:33for the rows of bread, the ... View more
Source: https://www.bibleodyssey.org/en/places/related-articles/destruction-and-reconstruction-of-the-temple
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